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Mushure mekuvandudzwa kwechigadzirwa uye shanduko dzezvitupa, hatichakurudziri mafirita ePur. Tiri kuramba tichishandisa dzimwe sarudzo.
Kana uchitsvaga nzira iri nyore yekuwana mvura yekunwa yakaseferwa kumba, tinokurudzira Brita Elite Filter yakabatana neBrita Standard 10-cup pitcher kana (kana imba yako ichishandisa mvura yakawanda) Brita 27-cup pitcher. Ultramax, mudziyo wekupa mvura. Asi usati wasarudza chero ipi zvayo, ziva kuti mushure memakore angangoita gumi ekutsvaga nezvekuseferwa kwemvura kumba, tinotenda kuti mafirita epasi pemvura kana pasi pepombi ndiwo akanakisa. Anogara kwenguva yakareba, anopa mvura yakachena nekukurumidza, anoderedza kusvibiswa, haawanzovharika, uye anongotora maminetsi chete kuisa.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu—zvinopfuura chero firita ripi zvaro mukirasi yayo—uye yakagadzirirwa kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu pakati pekuchinja. Asi, semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Kettle yeBrita inonyanya kutsanangura rudzi rwekettle yekusefa uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe marudzi mazhinji eBrita.
Muchina wemvura wekuBrita unochengeta mvura yakakwana yezuva rimwe chete yemhuri yakakura, uye pombi yawo isingadonhe mvura iri nyore kushandisa vana.
Zvinoshandiswa pakubvisa tsvina yeLifeStraw zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinobvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira lead, uye mafirita avo anodzivirira kuvharika kupfuura chero imwe firita yatakamboedza.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu (zvinopfuura chero firita ripi zvaro mukirasi yayo) uye yakagadzirirwa kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu pakati pekuchinjana. Asi, semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Mafirita eBrita Elite ndiwo mafirita anoshanda zvakanyanya muBrita uye ane ANSI/NSF yakatenderwa kusefa zvinhu zvakasvibiswa kupfuura chero imwe firita inodyirwa negravity yatakaedza, kusanganisira lead, mercury, cadmium, PFOA nePFAS nezvimwe. "Kusvibiswa kuri kuwanikwa mumvura yepombi. Ine hupenyu hwemagaroni 120, kana mwedzi mitanhatu, inova nguva inopetwa katatu kupfuura mamwe mafirita akawanda. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti Elite ive yakachipa kushandisa pane firita yakajairika. firita yemwedzi miviri. Zvisinei, mwedzi mitanhatu isati yapera, tsvina iri mumvura inogona kuivhara. Kana uchiziva kuti mvura yako yepombi yakachena, asi kungovandudza kuravira kwayo, kunyanya mvura ine chlorine, shandisa chirongo cheBrita chakajairwa. Chinopa firita chakachipa uye hachiwanzovharika, asi hachina chitupa chekuti chine lead kana chero makemikari emuindasitiri.
Kettle yeBrita inonyanya kutsanangura rudzi rwekettle yekusefa uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe marudzi mazhinji eBrita.
Pakati pemabhodhoro emvura akawanda eBrita, atinonyanya kufarira iBrita Standard Everyday Water Bottle 10 Cup. Dhizaini yema "nooks and crannies" inoita kuti kuchenesa kuve nyore kupfuura mamwe mapitcher eBrita, uye chivharo chine ruoko rumwe chete chinoita kuti kuzadzazve zvive nyore. Mubato wayo wakakombama wakaita seC wakasunungukawo kupfuura mubato we "angular D" unowanikwa pamabhodhoro mazhinji eBrita.
Muchina wemvura wekuBrita unochengeta mvura yakakwana yezuva rimwe chete yemhuri yakakura, uye pombi yawo isingadonhe mvura iri nyore kushandisa vana.
Chinopa mvura cheBrita Ultramax chinokwana makapu emvura angangoita makumi maviri nemanomwe (makapu gumi nemasere muchidziyo chefirita uye mamwe makapu mapfumbamwe kana gumi muchidziyo chepamusoro). Magadzirirwo acho matete anochengetedza nzvimbo mufiriji, uye pombi inovhara yega mushure mekudururwa kudzivirira kuzara. Iyi inzira iri nyore yekugara uine mvura inotonhora yakakwana yakaseferwa.
Zvinoshandiswa pakubvisa tsvina yeLifeStraw zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinobvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira lead, uye mafirita avo anodzivirira kuvharika kupfuura chero imwe firita yatakamboedza.
Takamhanyisa magaroni 2.5 emvura yakasvibiswa nengura yakawanda kuburikidza nemuchina weLifeStraw wekuchenesa mvura, uye kunyangwe mvura yakanonoka zvishoma kusvika kumagumo, kusefa hakuna kumbomira. Iyi ndiyo sarudzo yedu yakajeka kune chero ani zvake ane ruzivo rwekuvharika kwemamwe mafirita emvura (kusanganisira Brita Elite yedu yepamusoro) kana ari kutsvaga mhinduro yemvura yepombi inozivikanwa kuti ine ngura kana ine sediment. LifeStraw inewo zvitupa zvina zveANSI/NSF (chlorine, kuravira nekunhuhwirira, lead nemercury) uye yakaedzwa yakazvimiririra nemarabhoritari ane zvitupa kuti isangane nezvimwe zviyero zvakawanda zveANSI/NSF zvekubvisa kusvibiswa.
Ndanga ndichiedza mafirita emvura eWirecutter kubvira muna 2016. Mumushumo wangu, ndakataura kwenguva yakareba neNSF neWater Quality Institute, masangano maviri makuru ekupa zvitupa zvemafirita muUnited States, kuti ndinzwisise kuti bvunzo dzavo dzinoitwa sei. Ndakabvunzurudza vamiriri vevagadziri vemafirita emvura akawanda kuti vapikise zvavanotaura. Ndakashandisa mafirita nemapitcher akawanda mumakore apfuura nekuti kugara kwenguva refu, nyore uye mari yekugadzirisa, uye hushamwari hwekushandisa zvese zvakakosha kune chimwe chinhu chaunoshandisa kakawanda pazuva.
John Holecek, aimbove musayendisiti weNOAA, akaongorora ndokunyora bhuku rekare rebhuku iri, akaita bvunzo dzake ega, uye akarayira kuti pave nedzimwe bvunzo dzakazvimirira.
Gwaro iri nderevaya vanoda sefa yemvura yakaita sepitcher inozadza mvura yavo yepombi uye inoichengeta mufiriji yavo.
Chinhu chakanaka chesefa yepitcher ndechekuti iri nyore kushandisa. Chinhu chaunofanira kuita kungoizadza kubva papombi womirira kuti sefa ishande. Inowanzo dhura kutenga, uye mafirita ekutsiva (anowanzo shandiswa mwedzi miviri yega yega) anowanzo dhura mari isingasviki $15.
Dzine zvakawanda zvadzinotadza. Dzinogona kubvisa tsvina shoma kupfuura mafirita akawanda ari pasi pesinki kana pasi pepombi nekuti dzinoshandisa simba remagetsi rinokwevera pasi kwete simba remvura, zvichiita kuti dzisanyanya kuomesesa.
Kuvimba kwavo negiravhiti kunorevawo kuti mafirita emupitcher anononoka: kuzara kamwe chete kwemvura kubva mudura repamusoro kunogona kutora maminetsi mashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu kuti ipfuure nepafirita, uye kazhinji kunoda kuwedzerwa kakawanda kuti pave nediri rakazara remvura yakachena.
Mafirita emupombi anowanzo vharika nekuda kwetsvina iri mumvura yepombi kana kunyange mabhuru madiki emhepo anobva mupombi dzemvura.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, tinokurudzira kuisa sefa pasi pesinki kana papombi kana mamiriro ezvinhu achida.
MuUnited States, mvura yeruzhinji inodzorwa neEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) pasi peSafe Drinking Water Act, uye nzvimbo dzinochenesa mvura dzinobva mudziva reruzhinji dzinofanira kuzadzisa mitemo yemhando yepamusoro. Zvisinei, hazvisi zvese zvinosvibisa mvura zvinodzorwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, tsvina inogona kupinda mushure mekunge mvura yabuda muchigadzirwa chekurapa ichipinda nemumapaipi anodonhedza mvura kana (kana iri lead) kuburikidza nekudonhedza mvura mumapaipi pachawo. Kucheneswa kwemvura kunoitwa kana kusateererwa pachigadzirwa kunogona kutowedzera kudonhedzwa kwemvura mumapaipi ari pasi pemvura, sezvakaitika kuFlint, Michigan.
Kuti uzive zviri mumvura yemutengesi wako, unogona kutsvaga online kuti uwane EPA-approved Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) yemutengesi wako wemunharaunda. Kana zvisina kudaro, vese vanopa mvura yeruzhinji vanofanirwa kukupa maCCR avo kana vakumbira.
Asi nekuda kwekusvibiswa kunogona kuitika mumvura iri pedyo, nzira chete yekuziva zviri mumvura yemumba mako ndeyekuyedza. Rabhoritari yemhando yemvura yemuno inogona kuita izvi, kana kuti unogona kushandisa kit yekuyedza kumba. Takaongorora gumi nerimwe rawo mugwara redu uye takafadzwa neSimpleLab's Tap Score, iyo iri nyore kushandisa uye inopa mushumo wakadzama, wakanyorwa zvakajeka wekuti chii, kana chiripo, chine tsvina iri mumvura yemupombi yako.
Bvunzo remvura reSimpleLab Tap Score repamusoro rinopa ongororo yakakwana yemvura yako yekunwa uye rinopa mhinduro dziri nyore kuverenga.
Kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti tinokurudzira mafirita amunogona kuvimba nawo chete, tagara tichisimbirira kuti sarudzo dzedu dzisvike padanho repamusoro: ANSI/NSF certification. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) neNational Science Foundation (NSF) masangano akazvimirira, asingabatsiri anoshanda neEnvironmental Protection Agency, vagadziri nedzimwe nyanzvi kugadzira mwero wemhando yepamusoro uye kuyedza zviuru zvezvigadzirwa, kusanganisira nzira dzemvura.
Zvakazoitika chete mushure mekushandisa sampuro dze "kuyedza" dzakanga dzakasviba zvakanyanya kupfuura mvura zhinji yemupombi apo mafirita akakwanisa kuzadzisa mwero waipfuura nguva yaaitarisirwa.
Marabhoritari maviri makuru ekusimbisa firita yemvura ndeeNSF pachayo neWater Quality Association (WQA). Ose ari maviri ane mvumo yakazara neANSI neCanadian Standards Council kuNorth America uye anogona kuita bvunzo dzeANSI/NSF.
Asi mushure memakore emakakatanwa emukati, tava kugamuchirawo mutauro wakasununguka wekuti "yakaedzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveANSI/NSF" pane kuti isimbiswe zviri pamutemo, zvichienderana nemamiriro mashoma akaomarara: Chekutanga, kuyedzwa kunoitwa nerabhoritari yakazvimiririra, kwete nerabhoritari yakazvimiririra. Mugadziri wemafirita; Chechipiri, rabhoritari pachayo inotenderwa neANSI kana mamwe masangano enyika kana asiri ehurumende kuti iite bvunzo dzakasimba maererano nezvinodiwa; Chechitatu, rabhoritari yekuyedza, mhedzisiro yayo uye nzira dzayo zvinoburitswa pachena nemugadziri; Chechina, Mugadziri ane ruzivo rwakakura mukugadzira mafirita akaratidza kuchengetedzeka kwawo, kuvimbika uye anotsanangurwa zvechokwadi.
Takazvideredza zvakare kusvika kumafirita ane certification kana akaenzana nematanho maviri makuru eANSI/NSF (Standard 42 neStandard 53) (anofukidza chlorine nezvimwe zvinosvibisa "zvinoyevedza" uye simbi dzinorema dzakadai se lead, zvichiteerana), pamwe nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene. uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakasikwa). Standard itsva ye401 inosanganisira "zvinosvibisa zviri kubuda," zvakaita semishonga, zviri kuwanikwa mumvura muUnited States, ndosaka tiri kutarisa pamafirita.
Takatanga kutsvaga mapoto ane simba remakapu gumi kusvika gumi nerimwe uye mapoto makuru emvura, ayo anobatsira zvikuru kumhuri dzine mvura yakawanda. (Makambani mazhinji anopawo mapoto madiki kune avo vasingade modhi yakakura.)
Takazoenzanisa magadzirirwo azvo (kusanganisira magadzirirwo emubato uye kunyaradzwa kwawo), nyore kwekuisa nekutsiva firita, nzvimbo inotorwa nepitcher nedispenser mufiriji, uye huwandu hwenzvimbo yedhishi repamusoro rekuzadza mvura nedhishi repasi re "firita". (Kana chiyero chakakwira, zviri nani, sezvo uchawana mvura yakawanda yakaseferwa pese paunoshandisa pombi.)
Takaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka pamafirita akati wandei muna 2016, tichienzanisa zvatakawana nezvitupa zveANSI/NSF uye zvinotaurwa nemugadziri. Murabhoritari yake, John Holecek akayera mwero wekubvisa chlorine pafirita yega yega. Pasarudzo dzedu mbiri dzekutanga, takaita chibvumirano chekuongorora kubviswa kwemari yetsvina tichishandisa mhinduro dzakawanda kupfuura zvinodiwa neNSF muchibvumirano chayo chezvitupa.
Chidzidzo chikuru chatinowana kubva mukuyedza kwedu ndechekuti chitupa cheANSI/NSF kana chitupa chakaenzana chiratidzo chekushanda kwesefa. Izvi hazvishamisi tichifunga nezvehunhu hwakasimba hwezvitupa. Kubva ipapo, tave tichivimba nechitupa cheANSI/NSF kana chitupa chakaenzana kuti tione mashandiro esefa yakapihwa.
Kuedza kwedu kunotevera kunotarisa pakushandisa zvinhu zvechokwadi, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvinoshanda uye zvikanganiso zvinozoonekwa chete kana watanga kushandisa zvigadzirwa nekufamba kwenguva.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu—zvinopfuura chero firita ripi zvaro mukirasi yayo—uye yakagadzirirwa kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu pakati pekuchinja. Asi, semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Mafirita eBrita Elite (aimbova Longlast+) ane ANSI/NSF ane chitupa chekuona zvinhu zvinodarika makumi matatu (PDF), zvinosanganisira lead, mercury, microplastics, asbestos, uye maviri akajairika ePFAS: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) uye perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Izvi zvinoita kuti ive firita yepitcher ine chitupa chakanyanya kusimbiswa yatakamboedza, uye imwe yatinokurudzira kune avo vanoda rugare rwepfungwa rwakanyanya.
Zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinobvisa mamwe mavara akawanda akajairika. Izvi zvinosanganisira chlorine (inowedzerwa mumvura kuderedza mabhakitiriya nezvimwe zvirwere uye ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera "kuravira kwakashata" mumvura yepombi); carbon tetrachloride, chinhu chinoshanduka chinokanganisa chiropa; chinogona kuwanikwa zvakanyanya mumvura yepombi. "Makemikoro matsva" akawanikwa, anosanganisira bisphenol A (BPA), DEET (mushonga unowanzo dzinga zvipembenene) uye estrone (mhando yeestrogen yakagadzirwa).
Kunyange zvazvo mafirita mazhinji epitcher ane kutenderera kwekutsiva magaroni 40 ega ega kana mwedzi miviri, maElite ane kutenderera kwekutsiva magaroni 120 kana mwedzi mitanhatu. Mukufunga, izvi zvinoreva kuti unongoda kushandisa mafirita maviri eElite pagore panzvimbo pematanhatu, zvichiita kuti marara aderedzwe zvishoma uye kuderedza mari yekuzadzazve ne50%.
Pakusefa kwepitcher, inoshanda nekukurumidza. Mumiedzo yedu, sefa itsva yeElite yakatora maminetsi mashanu kusvika manomwe chete kuti izare. Mafirita akafanana atakaita bvunzo akatora nguva yakareba - kazhinji maminetsi gumi kana kupfuura.
Asi pane chenjedzo. Kufanana nemafirita ese epitcher, Elite inovharika zviri nyore, izvo zvinogona kunonoka kupfapfaidzwa kwemvura kana kutomisa kupfapfaidzwa zvachose, zvichireva kuti uchafanira kuitsiva kakawanda. Varidzi vazhinji vakanyunyuta nezvenyaya iyi, uye panguva yekuedza kwedu, Elite yakatanga kunonoka isingasviki pakukwana kwayo kwemagaroni zana nemakumi maviri. Kana uine dambudziko rinozivikanwa netsvina mumvura yako yepombi (kazhinji chiratidzo chemapaipi ane ngura), chiitiko chako chingangove chakafanana.
Uye ungasada dziviriro yese yevanoremekedzwa. Kana uchiziva kuti mvura yako yemupombi ndeyemhando yepamusoro (izvi zvinogona kuonekwa uchishandisa muchina wekuyedza kumba), tinokurudzira kushandisa Brita Standard water dispenser base pitcher nefirita. Ine zvitupa zvishanu zveANSI/NSF (PDF), zvinosanganisira chlorine (asi kwete lead, organics, kana tsvina itsva), iyo ine zvitupa zvishoma pane Elite. Asi ifirita isingadhuri, isingavhari mvura yakawanda inogona kuvandudza kuravira kwemvura yako.
Zviri nyore kukanganisa paunenge uchiisa firita yeBrita. Pakutanga firita yacho inenge yakamira uye inoita seyakasimba. Asi zvinotoda kushanda nesimba kuti igare zvakanaka. Kana usingadzvanyire zvakasimba, mvura isina kusefa inogona kubuda mumativi esefa paunozadza tangi repamusoro, zvichireva kuti mvura yako "yakasefa" haisi kudonhedza mvura. Mamwe emasefa atakatenga pabvunzo ya2023 aifanirawo kuiswa kuitira kuti nzvimbo refu iri parutivi rumwe rwesefa itsvedzere pamusoro petabhu inoenderana nemamwe mapitcher eBrita. (Mamwe mapitcher, kusanganisira yedu yatinofarira yeStandard 10-Cup Everyday Pitcher, haauye asina label uye anokubvumidza kuti utungamirire firita kune yaunoda.)
Kettle yeBrita inonyanya kutsanangura rudzi rwekettle yekusefa uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe marudzi mazhinji eBrita.
Bhodhoro remvura reBrita rine makapu gumi (kunyanya rine SmartLight Replacement Indicator neElite Filter) rakajairika zvekuti pamwe ndizvo zvatinofunga vazhinji vedu patinofunga nezvemabhodhoro emvura akaseferwa. Ndiro ratinofarirawo pamapitcher akawanda eBrita, kunyanya nekuti ndiro riri nyore kubvisa pakuchenesa uye hapana nzvimbo dzinogona kuungana tsvina. Kutenderedza chigunwe kunosunungura rimwe ruoko kuti rishandise pombi yemvura paunenge uchiwedzera mvura. SmartLight yayo inoyera zvakananga kuyerera kwemvura uye inokuzivisa kana yasvika nguva yekuchinja sefa. Uye mubato wakapfava weC ndiwo dhizaini yakanakisa yeBrita.
Standard Everyday ikambani yeAmazon chete; Brita inotengesa mabhodhoro emvura akafanana neTahoe kuWalmart, Target nedzimwe zvitoro. Musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi imubato weTahoe wakaita seD, watakaona wakaoma kubata.
Kunyangwe hadyana yeEveryday ichishambadzirwa semhando yemakapu gumi, inokwana makapu angangoita 11.5, izvo zvakakwana kusangana nezvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva zvemhuri diki. Kana yakazara, inorema makirogiramu anopfuura manomwe, izvo zvinoisa kumanikidzwa pamaoko ako; Bhokisi diki reBrita Space Saver rine makapu matanhatu rinorema makirogiramu angangoita 4.5 kana razara, asi rinouya nebhoritari reBrita nefirita, saka uchafanira kutenga Elite Filter zvakasiyana.