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Tim Heffernan munyori anotaura nezvemhando yemhepo nemvura uye matekinoroji esimba rinogara kwenguva refu. Kuti aedze vachenesi, anosarudza kushandisa utsi hweFlare brand match.
Chiitiko cheAmazon Prime Day Gumiguru chasvika! Pano taunganidza mazano ese anokosha kubva kuWirecutter.
Tawedzerawo imwe sarudzo yakanaka, Cyclopure Purefast, firita inoenderana neBrita ine chitupa cheNSF/ANSI chekuderedza PFAS.
Kana uchitsvaga nzira iri nyore yekuwana mvura yekunwa yakaseferwa kumba, tinokurudzira Brita Elite Filter pamwe chete neBrita Standard Daily 10-cup pitcher kana (kana mhuri yako ichishandisa mvura yakawanda) Brita 27-cup pitcher. Ultramax, mudziyo wekupa mvura. Asi usati wasarudza chero ipi zvayo, ziva kuti mushure memakore angangoita gumi ekutsvaga nezvekuseferwa kwemvura kumba, tinotenda kuti mafirita epasi pemvura kana pasi pepombi ndiwo akanakisa. Anogara kwenguva yakareba, anopa mvura yakachena nekukurumidza, anoderedza kusvibiswa, haawanzovharika, uye anongotora maminetsi chete kuisa.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu—zvinopfuura chero firita ripi zvaro mukirasi yayo—uye yakagadzirirwa kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu pakati pekuchinja. Asi, semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Kettle yeBrita inonyanya kutsanangura rudzi rwekettle yekusefa uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe marudzi mazhinji eBrita.
Muchina wemvura wekuBrita unochengeta mvura yakakwana yezuva rimwe chete yemhuri yakakura, uye pombi yawo isingadonhe mvura iri nyore kushandisa vana.
Muchina weLifeStraw Home Water Dispenser wakaedzwa zvakanaka kubvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira lead, uye sefa yawo hainyanyi kuvhara kupfuura mimwe michina yatakamboedza.
Dexsorb filter zvinhu zvinoedzwa zvinoenderana neNSF/ANSI standards uye zvinobudirira kubata mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari anogara aripo (PFAS), anosanganisira PFOA nePFOS.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu—zvinopfuura chero firita ripi zvaro mukirasi yayo—uye yakagadzirirwa kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu pakati pekuchinja. Asi, semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Sefa yeBrita inoshanda zvikuru ndiyo sefa yeBrita Elite. Yakasimbiswa neANSI/NSF uye inosefa zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosvibisa kupfuura chero imwe sefa inodya simba remagetsi yatakaedza; izvi zvinosanganisira lead, mercury, cadmium, PFOA nePFOS, pamwe chete nemhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari emumaindasitiri ari kuwanikwa mumvura yepombi. "Zvinhu zvitsva zvinosvibisa" zviripo. Ine hupenyu hwemagaroni 120 kana mwedzi mitanhatu, inova nguva inopetwa katatu kupfuura mamwe mafirita mazhinji. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti sefa yeElite ive yakachipa pane sefa inowanzo shandiswa kwemwedzi miviri. Zvisinei, mwedzi mitanhatu isati yapera, tsvina iri mumvura inogona kuivhara. Kana uchiziva kuti mvura yako yepombi yakachena asi uchida kuti inakidze zviri nani, kunyanya kana ichinhuhwirira sechlorine, sefa yemvura yeBrita yakajairwa uye inogovera mvura inodhura zvishoma uye hainyanyi kuvharika, asi haina sefa yelead kana chero imwe compound yemumaindasitiri.
Kettle yeBrita inonyanya kutsanangura rudzi rwekettle yekusefa uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe marudzi mazhinji eBrita.
Pakati pemabhodhoro emvura akawanda eBrita, atinonyanya kufarira iBrita Standard Everyday Water Bottle 10 Cup. Dhizaini yacho isingatyori maburi inoita kuti kuchenesa kuve nyore kupfuura mamwe mapitcher eBrita, uye chivharo chine ruoko rumwe chete chinoita kuti kuzadzazve zvive nyore. Mubato wayo wakakombama wakaita seC wakasunungukawo kupfuura mubato weD-shaped unowanikwa pamabhodhoro mazhinji eBrita.
Muchina wemvura wekuBrita unochengeta mvura yakakwana yezuva rimwe chete yemhuri yakakura, uye pombi yawo isingadonhe mvura iri nyore kushandisa vana.
Chinopa mvura cheBrita Ultramax chinokwana makapu emvura angangoita makumi maviri nemanomwe (makapu gumi nemasere muchidziyo chefirita uye mamwe makapu mapfumbamwe kana gumi muchidziyo chepamusoro). Magadzirirwo acho matete anochengetedza nzvimbo mufiriji, uye pombi inovhara yega mushure mekudururwa kudzivirira kuzara. Iyi inzira iri nyore yekugara uine mvura inotonhora yakakwana yakaseferwa.
Muchina weLifeStraw Home Water Dispenser wakaedzwa zvakanaka kubvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira lead, uye sefa yawo hainyanyi kuvhara kupfuura mimwe michina yatakamboedza.
Takamhanyisa magaroni maviri nehafu emvura yakasvibiswa nengura kuburikidza nemuchina weLifeStraw wekuchenesa mvura, uye kunyangwe mvura yakanonoka zvishoma kusvika kumagumo, kusefa hakuna kumbomira. Kune avo vakambosangana nekuvharika kwemamwe mafirita emvura (kusanganisira Brita Elite yedu yepamusoro) kana vari kutsvaga mhinduro yemvura yepombi ine ngura kana yakasviba, sefa iyi ndiyo sarudzo yedu yakajeka. LifeStraw inewo zvitupa zvina zveANSI/NSF (chlorine, kuravira nekunhuhwirira, lead nemercury) uye yakaedzwa yakazvimiririra nerabhoritari ine certification kuti isangane nezvimwe zviyero zvakawanda zveANSI/NSF zvekubvisa kusvibiswa.
Dexsorb filter zvinhu zvinoedzwa zvinoenderana neNSF/ANSI standards uye zvinobudirira kubata mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari anogara aripo (PFAS), anosanganisira PFOA nePFOS.
Mafirita eCyclopure Purefast anoshandisa Dexsorb zvinhu zvakafanana zvinoshandiswa pakuchenesa mvura yakasviba kubvisa makemikari zvachose (PFAS) kubva mumvura yeruzhinji. Inokodzera majagi edu eBrita nema dispenser anokurudzirwa. Inoyera magaroni makumi matanhatu nemashanu uye mafirita nekukurumidza mukuyedza kwedu uye hainonoke zvakanyanya nekufamba kwenguva, kunyangwe sekune chero firita regravity, kana paine tsvina yakawanda mumvura inogona kuvharika. Firita iyi inouyawo nepakeji yakabhadharwa kare; tumira firita yakashandiswa kuCyclopure uye kambani ichaigadzirisa kuti iparadze chero PFAS yakabatwa kuitira kuti isakwanise kupinda munharaunda. Brita pachayo haitsigire kushandiswa kwemafirita echitatu, asi tichifunga kuti mafirita ePurefast nezvinhu zveDexsorb zvakabvumidzwa neNSF/ANSI kuderedza PFAS, tinonzwa tine chivimbo chekuzvikurudzira. Ziva kuti inongobata PFAS nechlorine chete. Kana uchinetseka nezvimwe zvinhu, funga nezveBrita Elite;
Ndanga ndichiedza mafirita emvura eWirecutter kubvira muna 2016. Mumushumo wangu, ndakataura kwenguva yakareba neNSF neWater Quality Institute, masangano maviri makuru ekupa zvitupa zvemafirita muUnited States, kuti ndinzwisise kuti bvunzo dzavo dzinoitwa sei. Ndakabvunzurudza vamiriri vevagadziri vemafirita emvura akawanda kuti vapikise zvavanotaura. Ndakashandisa mafirita nemapitcher akawanda mumakore apfuura nekuti kugara kwenguva refu, nyore uye mari yekugadzirisa, uye hushamwari hwekushandisa zvese zvakakosha kune chimwe chinhu chaunoshandisa kakawanda pazuva.
John Holecek, aimbove musayendisiti weNOAA, akaongorora ndokunyora bhuku rekare rebhuku iri, akaita bvunzo dzake ega, uye akarayira kuti pave nedzimwe bvunzo dzakazvimirira.
Gwaro iri nderevaya vanoda sefa yemvura yakaita sepitcher inozadza mvura yavo yepombi uye inoichengeta mufiriji yavo.
Chinhu chakanaka chesefa yepitcher ndechekuti iri nyore kushandisa. Chinhu chaunofanira kuita kungoizadza kubva papombi womirira kuti sefa ishande. Inowanzo dhura kutenga, uye mafirita ekutsiva (anowanzo shandiswa mwedzi miviri yega yega) anowanzo dhura mari isingasviki $15.
Dzine zvakawanda zvadzinotadza. Dzinogona kubvisa tsvina shoma kupfuura mafirita akawanda ari pasi pesinki kana pasi pepombi nekuti dzinoshandisa simba remagetsi rinokwevera pasi kwete simba remvura, zvichiita kuti dzisanyanya kuomesesa.
Kuvimba negiravhiti zvinorevawo kuti mafirita emupitcher anononoka: kuzara kamwe chete kwemvura kubva mudura repamusoro kunogona kutora maminetsi mashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu kuti ipfuure nepafirita, uye kazhinji kunoda kuwedzerwa kakawanda kuti uwane pitcher yakazara yemvura yakachena.
Mafirita ejug anowanzo vharika nekuda kwetsvina iri mumvura yepombi kana kunyange mabubble madiki emhepo anobva mupombi.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, tinokurudzira kuisa sefa pasi pesinki kana papombi kana mamiriro ezvinhu achida.
MuUnited States, mvura yeruzhinji inodzorwa neEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) pasi peSafe Drinking Water Act, uye nzvimbo dzinochenesa mvura dzinobva mudziva reruzhinji dzinofanira kuzadzisa mitemo yemhando yepamusoro. Zvisinei, hazvisi zvese zvinosvibisa mvura zvinodzorwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, tsvina inogona kupinda mushure mekunge mvura yabuda muchigadzirwa chekurapa ichipinda nemumapaipi anodonhedza mvura kana (kana iri lead) kuburikidza nekudonhedza mvura mumapaipi pachawo. Kucheneswa kwemvura kunoitwa kana kusateererwa pachigadzirwa kunogona kutowedzera kudonhedzwa kwemvura mumapaipi ari pasi pemvura, sezvakaitika kuFlint, Michigan.
Kuti uzive zviri mumvura yemutengesi wako, unogona kutsvaga online kuti uwane EPA-approved Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) yemutengesi wako wemunharaunda. Kana zvisina kudaro, vese vanopa mvura yeruzhinji vanofanirwa kukupa maCCR avo kana vakumbira.
Asi nekuda kwekusvibiswa kunogona kuitika mumvura iri pedyo, nzira chete yekuziva zviri mumvura yemumba mako ndeyekuyedza. Rabhoritari yemhando yemvura yemuno inogona kuita izvi, kana kuti unogona kushandisa kit yekuyedza kumba. Takaongorora gumi nerimwe rawo mugwara redu uye takafadzwa neSimpleLab's Tap Score, iyo iri nyore kushandisa uye inopa mushumo wakadzama, wakanyorwa zvakajeka wekuti chii, kana chiripo, chine tsvina iri mumvura yemupombi yako.
Bvunzo remvura reSimpleLab Tap Score repamusoro rinopa ongororo yakakwana yemvura yako yekunwa uye rinopa mhinduro dziri nyore kuverenga.
Kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti tinokurudzira mafirita amunogona kuvimba nawo chete, tagara tichisimbirira kuti sarudzo dzedu dzisvike padanho repamusoro: ANSI/NSF certification. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) neNational Science Foundation (NSF) masangano akazvimirira, asingabatsiri anoshanda neEnvironmental Protection Agency, vagadziri nedzimwe nyanzvi kugadzira mwero wemhando yepamusoro uye kuyedza zviuru zvezvigadzirwa, kusanganisira nzira dzemvura.
Zvakazoitika mushure mekushandisa sampuro dze "kuyedza", idzo dzakanga dzakasvibiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura mvura zhinji yemupombi, apo mafirita akakwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvechitupa, zvichipfuura zvakanyanya hupenyu hwadzo hwaitarisirwa.
Marabhoritari maviri makuru ekusimbisa firita yemvura ndeeNSF pachayo neWater Quality Association (WQA). Ose ari maviri ane mvumo yakazara neANSI neCanadian Standards Council kuNorth America uye anogona kuita bvunzo dzeANSI/NSF.
Asi mushure memakore emakakatanwa emukati, tava kugamuchirawo mutauro wakasununguka wekuti "yakaedzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveANSI/NSF" pane kuti ive chitupa chepamutemo, zvichienderana nemamiriro mashoma akaomarara: Chekutanga, bvunzo dzinoitwa nerabhoritari yakazvimiririra, kwete nerabhoritari yakazvimiririra. Mugadziri wemafirita; chechipiri, rabhoritari pachayo inotenderwa neANSI kana mamwe masangano enyika kana asiri ehurumende kuti iite bvunzo dzakasimba zvichienderana nezvinodiwa; chechitatu, mugadziri anoburitsa ruzivo nezverabhoritari yekuyedza, mhedzisiro yayo uye nzira dzayo; Mugadziri ane ruzivo rwakakura mukugadzira mafirita ayo aratidza kuti akachengeteka, akavimbika uye anotsanangurwa zvechokwadi.
Takazvideredza zvakare kusvika kumafirita ane certification kana akaenzana nematanho maviri makuru eANSI/NSF (Standard 42 neStandard 53) (anofukidza chlorine nezvimwe zvinosvibisa "zvinoyevedza" uye simbi dzinorema dzakadai se lead, zvichiteerana) pamwe nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene. uye mamwe makemikari eorganic). Standard itsva ye401 inosanganisira "zvinosvibisa zviri kubuda," zvakaita semishonga, zviri kuwanikwa mumvura muUnited States, ndosaka tichinyanya kutarisisa mafirita.
Takatanga kutsvaga mapoto ane simba remakapu gumi kusvika gumi nerimwe uye mapoto makuru emvura, ayo anobatsira zvikuru kumhuri dzine mvura yakawanda. (Makambani mazhinji anopawo mapoto madiki kune avo vasingade modhi yakakura.)
Takazoenzanisa magadzirirwo azvo (kusanganisira magadzirirwo emubato uye kunyaradzwa kwawo), nyore kwekuisa nekutsiva firita, nzvimbo inotorwa nepitcher nedispenser mufiriji, uye huwandu hwevhayomu yetangi repamusoro rekuzadza netangi repasi re "firita". (Kana chiyero chakakwira, zviri nani, sezvo uchawana mvura yakawanda yakaseferwa pese paunoshandisa pombi.)
Takaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka pamafirita akati wandei muna 2016, tichienzanisa zvatakawana nezvitupa zveANSI/NSF uye zvinotaurwa nemugadziri. Murabhoritari yake, John Holecek akayera mwero wekubvisa chlorine pafirita yega yega. Pasarudzo dzedu mbiri dzekutanga, takaita chibvumirano chekuongorora kubviswa kwemari yetsvina tichishandisa mhinduro dzakawanda kupfuura zvinodiwa neNSF muchibvumirano chayo chezvitupa.
Chidzidzo chikuru chatinowana kubva mukuyedza kwedu ndechekuti chitupa cheANSI/NSF kana chitupa chakaenzana chiratidzo chekushanda kwesefa. Izvi hazvishamisi tichifunga nezvehunhu hwakasimba hwezvitupa. Kubva ipapo, tave tichivimba nechitupa cheANSI/NSF kana chitupa chakaenzana kuti tione mashandiro esefa yakapihwa.
Kuedza kwedu kunotevera kunotarisa pakushandisa zvinhu zvechokwadi, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvinoshanda uye zvikanganiso zvinozoonekwa chete kana watanga kushandisa zvigadzirwa nekufamba kwenguva.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu—zvinopfuura chero firita ripi zvaro mukirasi yayo—uye yakagadzirirwa kugara kwemwedzi mitanhatu pakati pekuchinja. Asi, semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Mafirita eBrita Elite (aimbova Longlast+) ane ANSI/NSF ane chitupa chekuona zvinhu zvinodarika makumi matatu (PDF), zvinosanganisira lead, mercury, microplastics, asbestos, uye maviri akajairika ePFAS: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) uye perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Izvi zvinoita kuti ive firita yepitcher ine chitupa chakanyanya kusimbiswa yatakamboedza, uye imwe yatinokurudzira kune avo vanoda rugare rwepfungwa rwakanyanya.
Zvakaonekwa kuti zvinobvisa mamwe mavara akawanda akajairika. Izvi zvinosanganisira chlorine (inowedzerwa mumvura kuderedza mabhakitiriya nezvimwe zvirwere uye ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera mvura yemupombi isinganakidze); carbon tetrachloride, chinhu chinoshanduka chinokanganisa chiropa uye chinowanikwa mumvura; "Makemikoro matsva" akawanikwa, anosanganisira bisphenol A (BPA), DEET (mushonga unodzinga zvipembenene) uye estrone (mushonga weestrogen unogadzirwa).
Kunyange zvazvo mafirita mazhinji epitcher ane kutenderera kwekutsiva kwemagaroni makumi mana kana mwedzi miviri yega yega, maElite ane kutenderera kwekutsiva kwemagaroni zana nemakumi maviri kana mwedzi mitanhatu. Mukufunga, izvi zvinoreva kuti unongoda kushandisa mafirita maviri eElite pagore panzvimbo pematanhatu, zvichiita kuti marara aderedzwe zvishoma uye kuderedza mari yekuzadzazve ne50%.
Kana iri firita yepitcher, inoshanda nekukurumidza. Mumiedzo yedu, firita itsva yeElite yakatora maminetsi mashanu kusvika manomwe chete kuti izare. Mafirita akafanana ataedza anotora nguva yakareba—kazhinji maminetsi gumi kana kupfuura.
Asi pane chenjedzo. Kufanana nemafirita ese epitcher, Elite inogona kuvharika zviri nyore, izvo zvinogona kuderedza mwero wayo wekusefa kana kutoita kuti isasefe zvachose, zvichireva kuti uchafanira kuitsiva kakawanda. Varidzi vazhinji vakanyunyuta nezvenyaya iyi, uye mukuyedza kwedu, Elite yakatanga kumira isati yasvika pakukwana kwayo kwemagaroni zana nemakumi maviri. Kana uine dambudziko rinozivikanwa netsvina mumvura yako yepombi (kazhinji chiratidzo chemapaipi ane ngura), chiitiko chako chingave chakafanana.
Uye ungasada dziviriro yese yevanoremekedzwa. Kana uchiziva kuti mvura yako yemupombi ndeyemhando yepamusoro (izvi zvinogona kuonekwa uchishandisa muchina wekuyedza kumba), tinokurudzira kushandisa Brita Standard water dispenser base pitcher nefirita. Ine zvitupa zvishanu zveANSI/NSF (PDF), zvinosanganisira chlorine (asi kwete lead, organics, kana tsvina itsva), izvo zvakasiyana zvikuru nedanho rezvitupa iro Elite inayo. Asi ifirita isingadhuri, isingavhari mvura yakawanda inogona kuvandudza kuravira kwemvura yako.