Isu tinosimbisa zvese zvatinokurudzira takazvimiririra. Kana ukatenga kuburikidza nemalink edu, tinogona kuwana komisheni. dzidza zvakawanda>
Tim Heffernan munyori anotaura nezvemhando yemhepo nemvura uye matekinoroji esimba rinogara kwenguva refu. Anosarudza kuyedza michina yekuchenesa neutsi hweFlare matches.
Tawedzerawo imwe sarudzo yakanaka, Cyclopure Purefast, firita inoenderana neBritain ine chitupa cheNSF/ANSI chekuderedza PFAS.
Kana uchitsvaga nzira iri nyore yekuwana mvura yekunwa yakaseferwa kumba, tinokurudzira Brita Elite Water Filter, pamwe neBrita Standard Everyday 10-Cup Pitcher kana (kana uchishandisa mvura yakawanda mumba mako) Brita Standard 27-Cup Capacity Pitcher kana Brita Ultramax Water Dispenser. Asi usati wasarudza chero chipi zvacho, ziva kuti mushure memakore anoda kusvika gumi ekushandisa kuseferwa kwemvura kumba, tinotenda kuti maseferwa emvura ari pasi pemvura inoyerera kana pasi pepombi ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa. Anogara kwenguva yakareba, anopa mvura yakachena nekukurumidza, anoderedza tsvina, haawanzovharika, uye anotora maminetsi mashoma chete kuisa.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu, kupfuura chero firita ripi zvaro riri mukirasi yayo, uye yakagadzirirwa kutsiva kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Asi semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Kettle yeBrita ndiyo inonyanya kusiyanisa kettle yefirita uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe mamodheru akawanda eBrita.
Muchina weBrita Water Dispenser une simba rakakwana rekubatsira mhuri yakakura kuwana mvura zuva nezuva, uye pombi yayo isingadonhe mvura yakagadzirwa kuti ive nyore kushandisa vana.
LifeStraw Home Dispenser yakaedzwa zvakasimba kubvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira lead, uye firita yayo inodzivirira kuvharika kupfuura chero imwe firita yatakamboedza.
Dexsorb filter material, yakaedzwa zvinoenderana neNSF/ANSI standards, inobata zvinobudirira mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari anogara aripo (PFAS), kusanganisira PFOA nePFOS.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu, kupfuura chero firita ripi zvaro riri mukirasi yayo, uye yakagadzirirwa kutsiva kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Asi semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Sefa inonyanya kushanda yeBrita iBrita Elite. Yakasimbiswa neANSI/NSF uye inobvisa tsvina yakawanda kupfuura chero imwe sefa yemvura inokweva simba yatakaedza; tsvina iyi inosanganisira lead, mercury, cadmium, PFOA, uye PFOS, pamwe chete nemhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari emumaindasitiri uye tsvina yemvura yepombi iri kuwedzera kuva "tsvina inobuda." Ine hupenyu hwemagaroni 120, kana mwedzi mitanhatu, inova nguva yehupenyu katatu kupfuura mamwe mafirita akawanda. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvo zvinoita kuti Elite ive shoma pane firita yakajairika yemwedzi miviri. Zvisinei, madhaka ari mumvura anogona kuivhara mwedzi mitanhatu isati yapera. Kana uchiziva kuti mvura yako yepombi yakachena asi uchingoda kuti inakidze zviri nani (kunyanya kana ichinhuhwirira sechlorine), sefa yekettle nedispenser yeBrita inodhura zvishoma uye hainyanyi kuvhara, asi haina chitupa chekuti ine lead kana chero mimwe mishonga yemumaindasitiri.
Kettle yeBrita ndiyo inonyanya kusiyanisa kettle yefirita uye iri nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza yakachena kupfuura mamwe mamodheru akawanda eBrita.
Pamapitcher akawanda eBrita, atinonyanya kufarira iBrita Standard Everyday 10-Cup Pitcher. Dhizaini yacho haina nzvimbo yakafa inoita kuti zvive nyore kuchenesa kupfuura mamwe mabhodhoro eBrita, uye chinhu chinoshandura chigunwe neruoko rumwe chete chinoita kuti kuzadzazve zvive nyore. Mubato wayo wakakombama wakaita seC wakasunungukawo kupfuura mibato yakaita seD inowanikwa pamabhodhoro mazhinji eBrita.
Muchina weBrita Water Dispenser une simba rakakwana rekubatsira mhuri yakakura kuwana mvura zuva nezuva, uye pombi yayo isingadonhe mvura yakagadzirwa kuti ive nyore kushandisa vana.
Brita Ultramax Water Dispenser inokwana makapu emvura angangoita makumi maviri nemanomwe (makapu gumi nemasere mudura rekusefa uye mamwe makapu mapfumbamwe kusvika gumi mudura rekuzara repamusoro). Magadzirirwo ayo matete anochengetedza nzvimbo mufiriji, uye pombi inovhara mushure mekudururwa kudzivirira kuzara. Inzira iri nyore yekugara uine mvura yakawanda inotonhora, yakasefa.
LifeStraw Home Dispenser yakaedzwa zvakasimba kubvisa tsvina yakawanda, kusanganisira lead, uye firita yayo inodzivirira kuvharika kupfuura chero imwe firita yatakamboedza.
Takashandisa LifeStraw Home Water Dispenser kusefa magaroni 2.5 emvura ine ngura yakawanda, uye kunyange hazvo kumhanya kwacho kwakadzikira zvishoma kusvika kumagumo, haina kumbomira kusefa. Chigadzirwa ichi ndicho chatinoda kune chero ani zvake akambosangana nemafirita emvura akavharika mune mamwe mafirita emvura, kusanganisira Brita Elite yedu yepamusoro, kana kuti ari kutsvaga mhinduro yemvura yepombi ine ngura kana yakasviba. LifeStraw inewo zvitupa zvina zveANSI/NSF (chlorine, kuravira nekunhuhwirira, lead, uye mercury) uye yakaedzwa yega nerabhoritari ine certification kuti isangane nedzimwe nzira dzakasiyana dzekuchenesa ANSI/NSF.
Dexsorb filter material, yakaedzwa zvinoenderana neNSF/ANSI standards, inobata zvinobudirira mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari anogara aripo (PFAS), kusanganisira PFOA nePFOS.
Mafirita eCyclopure ePurefast anoshandisa Dexsorb, chinhu chimwe chete chinoshandiswa nemamwe mafekitori ekurapa kubvisa makemikari anogara achinaya (PFAS) kubva mumvura yeruzhinji. Inoshanda nekettle yedu yeBrita nedispenser inokurudzirwa. Yakayerwa magaroni makumi matanhatu nemashanu, inosefa nekukurumidza mumiedzo yedu, uye hainonoke zvakanyanya nekufamba kwenguva, kunyangwe sefirita chero ripi zvaro rinoshandisa simba remagetsi, inogona kuvharika kana mvura yako iine tsvina yakawanda. Sefa iyi inouyawo muhamvuropu yakabhadharwa kare; tumira sefa yako yakashandiswa kuCyclopure, uye kambani ichaidzokorodza nenzira inoparadza chero PFAS yainotora kuitira kuti isadonhedze mvura zvakare munzvimbo yakakomberedza. Brita pachayo haikurudzire mafirita echitatu, asi tichifunga kuti mafirita ePurefast nezvinhu zveDexsorb zvakabvumidzwa neNSF/ANSI kuderedza PFAS, tinozvikurudzira nechivimbo. Cherechedza kuti inobata PFAS nechlorine chete. Kana uine zvimwe zvinokunetsa, sarudza Brita Elite;
Ndanga ndichiedza mafirita emvura eWirecutter kubvira muna 2016. Pamushumo uyu, ndakaita hurukuro refu neNSF neWater Quality Association, masangano maviri makuru ekubvumidza mafirita emvura muUnited States, kuti ndinzwisise nzira dzavo dzekuedza. Ndakabvunzurudza vamiriri vevagadziri vemafirita emvura akawanda kuti ndisimbise zvavanotaura. Ndakashandisa mafirita emvura akawanda nemapitchers mumakore apfuura nekuti kugara kwenguva refu, nyore uye mari yekugadzirisa, uye nyore kushandisa zvakakosha kune chimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa kakawanda pazuva.
John Holecek, aimbove nyanzvi yezvesayenzi yeNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), akaongorora ndokunyora gwaro rekare rebhuku iri, akaita bvunzo dzake, uye akarayira kuti pave nedzimwe bvunzo dzakazvimirira.
Gwaro iri nderevaya vanoda sefa yemvura yakaita sekettle (iyo inounganidza mvura kubva mupombi yoichengeta mufiriji).
Runako rweketero yekusefa nderwekuti iri nyore kushandisa. Unongoizadza nemvura yepombi womirira kuti sefa ishande. Kazhinji hadzidhuri: mafirita ekutsiva (anowanzo fanirwa kutsiviwa mwedzi miviri yega yega) anowanzo dhura mari isingasviki $15.
Ane zvimwe zvaasingakwanise kuita. Anoshanda zvakanaka pakurwisa zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvishoma pane mamwe mafirita anoiswa pasi pemvura kana pasi pemvura nekuti anovimba nesimba remagetsi rinokwevera pasi kwete simba remvura, zvichida firita ine density yakaderera.
Kushandisa simba rinokwevera pasi zvinorevawo kuti mafirita eketero anononoka: kuzadza mvura kubva mudura repamusoro kunotora pakati pemaminitsi mashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu kuti ipfuure nepafirita, uye kazhinji zvinotora kuzarazve kakawanda kuti uwane chirongo chakazara chemvura yakachena.
Mafirita emumaketheni anowanzo vharwa nedota rinobva mumvura yepombi kana kunyange mabhuru madiki emhepo anoumbwa mumapombi emvura obva avharwa.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, tinokurudzira kuisa sefa pasi pesinki kana papombi kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira.
MuUnited States, mvura yeruzhinji inodzorwa neEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) pasi peSafe Drinking Water Act, uye mvura inoburitswa muzvimbuzi zvehurumende inofanira kuzadzisa mitemo yemhando yepamusoro. Zvisinei, hazvisi zvese zvinosvibisa mvura zvinodzorwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, tsvina inogona kupinda mushure mekunge mvura yabuda mumiti yekurapa ichipinda nemumapaipi anodonhedza mvura kana (kana iri lead) nekubuda kubva mumapaipi pachawo. Kuchenesa mvura pamiti (kana kusaita izvozvo) kunogona kutowedzera kudonha kwemvura mumapaipi ari pasi pemvura, sezvakaitika kuFlint, Michigan.
Kuti uzive zviri kusiiwa nemutengesi wako, unogona kuwana EPA Confidence Report (CCR) yemutengesi wako wemunharaunda online. Kana zvisina kudaro, vese vanopa mvura yeruzhinji vanofanirwa kupa CCR kana vakumbira.
Asi nekuda kwekugona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwemvura mumvura iri pedyo nerwizi, nzira chete yekuziva chokwadi chiri mumvura yemumba mako ndeyekuyedza. Rabhoritari yemhando yemvura yemuno inogona kuiedza, kana kuti unogona kushandisa kit yekuyedza kumba. Takaongorora gumi nerimwe rawo uye takafadzwa neSimpleLab's Tap Score, iri nyore kushandisa uye inopa mushumo wakazara, wakajeka wekuti chii chine tsvina, kana chiripo, chiri mumvura yemupombi yako.
Bvunzo remhando yepamusoro reSimpleLab Tap Score rinopa ongororo yakakwana yemvura yako yekunwa uye mhinduro dziri nyore kuverenga.
Kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti mafirita emvura atinokurudzira akavimbika, tinogara tichisimbisa kuti zvatinosarudza zvienderane nemutemo wepamusoro: ANSI/NSF certification. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) neNational Science Foundation (NSF) masangano akazvimirira, asingabatsiri anoshanda neEnvironmental Protection Agency, vagadziri, nevamwe nyanzvi kugadzira mwero wakasimba wemhando yezvigadzirwa zvakawanda, kusanganisira mafirita emvura, uye maitiro ekuyedza.
Mafirita anongosangana nezvinodiwa zvechitupa chete mushure mekunge adarika nguva yaanotarisirwa kushanda uye achishandisa "kuyedza" samples dzakasvibiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura mvura zhinji yepombi.
Kune marabhoritari maviri makuru anosimbisa michina yekuchenesa mvura: imwe ndeyeNSF Labs uye imwe ndeyeWater Quality Association (WQA). Masangano ese ari maviri ane mvumo yakazara neANSI neCanadian Standards Council kuNorth America kuti aite bvunzo dzeANSI/NSF certification.
Asi mushure memakore emakakatanwa emukati, ikozvino tagamuchirawo chirevo chakakura chekuti "yakaedzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveANSI/NSF," isina kusimbiswa zviri pamutemo, asi inofanira kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara: chekutanga, kuyedzwa kunoitwa nerabhoritari yakazvimirira isingashandiswe nemugadziri wemafirita; chechipiri, rabhoritari pachayo iANSI kana kuti inozivikanwa nemamwe masangano enyika kana asiri ehurumende kuti inoita kuyedzwa kwakasimba zvichienderana nezvinodiwa; chechitatu, rabhoritari yekuyedza, mhedzisiro yayo, uye nzira dzayo zvinoburitswa nemugadziri. Chechina, mugadziri ane nhoroondo refu yekugadzira mafirita. Zvinyorwa zvakaratidza kuti zvakachengeteka, zvakavimbika, uye ndezvechokwadi sezvakatsanangurwa.
Takaderedza mukana wekushandisa mafirita ane certification kana akaenzana nematanho maviri makuru eANSI/NSF (Standard 42 neStandard 53, anofukidza chlorine nezvimwe zvinosvibisa "zvinoyevedza", pamwe nesimbi dzinorema dzakadai se lead ne organic compounds dzakadai semishonga inouraya zvipembenene). Standard 401 itsva inosanganisira "zvinosvibisa zviri kubuda" zvakaita semishonga zviri kuwanda mumvura yeUS, uye tinonyanya kutarisisa mafirita ane musiyano uyu.
Takatanga nekutarisa michina yekubvisa mvura ine makapu gumi kusvika gumi nerimwe, pamwe chete nemichina yakakura inokodzera mhuri dzinoshandisa mvura yakawanda. (Makambani mazhinji anopawo michina midiki yevanhu vasingade michina yekubvisa mvura yakakwana.)
Takazoenzanisa magadzirirwo azvo (kusanganisira magadzirirwo emubato uye kunyaradzwa kwawo), nyore kwekuisa nekutsiva mafirita, nzvimbo inotorwa nepitcher nedispenser mufiriji, uye huwandu hwetangi rekuzadza repamusoro zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwetangi repasi "rakaseferwa" (huwandu hwacho hwakakwira, zviri nani, sezvo uchawana mvura yakawanda yakaseferwa pese paunoshandisa pombi).
Muna 2016, takaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzemukati mefetera dzakasiyana-siyana kuti tienzanise zvatakawana nezvitupa zveANSI/NSF uye zvinotaurwa nemugadziri. John Holecek akayera mwero wekubvisa chlorine mufetera yega yega mulabhoritari yake. Pasarudzo dzedu mbiri dzekutanga, takaraira labhoritari yakazvimiririra kuti iedze kubvisa lead tichishandisa mhinduro dzine huwandu hwakanyanya hwekusvibiswa kwelead kupfuura zvinodiwa neNSF muprotocol yayo yekubvumidzwa.
Mhedziso yedu huru kubva mukuyedza kwedu ndeyekuti chitupa cheANSI/NSF kana chitupa chakaenzana ndiyo chiyero chakavimbika chekuyera mashandiro efirita. Izvi hazvishamisi tichifunga nezvehunhu hwakasimba hwezvitupa. Kubva ipapo, tave tichivimba nechitupa cheANSI/NSF kana chitupa chakaenzana kuti tione mashandiro efirita yakapihwa.
Kuedza kwedu kunotevera kunotarisa pakushandisa zvinhu zvechokwadi, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvechokwadi uye zvikanganiso zvinozoonekwa chete mushure mekushandisa zvigadzirwa izvi kwenguva yakareba.
Modhi iyi ine zvitupa zveANSI/NSF zvinopfuura makumi matatu, kupfuura chero firita ripi zvaro riri mukirasi yayo, uye yakagadzirirwa kutsiva kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Asi semafirita ese, inogona kuvharika.
Brita Elite Water Filter (yaimbonzi Longlast+) ine chitupa cheANSI/NSF chekubvisa tsvina dzinopfuura makumi matatu (PDF), dzinosanganisira lead, mercury, microplastics, asbestos, uye PFAS mbiri dzakajairika: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) uye perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Izvi zvinoita kuti ive chitupa chemvura chepitcher chakasimbiswa zvakanyanya chatakamboedza, uye chimwe chatinokurudzira kune avo vanoda rugare rwepfungwa.
Yakatenderwa kubvisa zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosvibisa. Zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira chlorine (inowedzerwa mumvura kuderedza mabhakitiriya nezvimwe zvirwere, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera "kuravira kwakashata" mumvura yepombi), zvinhu zvinoshanduka-shanduka zvinogona kukuvadza chiropa, uye mhando dziri "kubuda" dziri kuramba dzichikura; zvinhu zvakaita sebisphenol A (BPA), DEET (mushonga unodzinga zvipembenene), uye estrone, mushonga we estrogen, zviri kuonekwa.
Kunyange zvazvo mapitcher mazhinji aine mafirita emvura anoda kutsiviwa magaroni makumi mana kana mwedzi miviri yega yega, firita yemvura yeElite inogara magaroni zana nemakumi maviri kana mwedzi mitanhatu. Mukufunga, izvi zvinoreva kuti unongoda kushandisa mafirita maviri emvura eElite pagore panzvimbo pematanhatu - zvichiita kuti marara aderedzwe uye kuderedza mari yekutsiva ne50%.
Kana iri firita yepitcher, inoshanda nekukurumidza. Mumiedzo yedu, kuzadza firita itsva yeElite kwaitora maminetsi mashanu kusvika manomwe chete. Mafirita akafanana ataedza anotora nguva yakareba - kazhinji maminetsi gumi kana kupfuura.
Asi pane dambudziko. Kufanana nemafirita ese epitcher, Elite inowanzovharika, izvo zvinogona kunonoka kana kutomisa kusefa kwayo, zvichireva kuti uchafanira kuitsiva kakawanda. Vashandisi vazhinji vakanyunyuta nezvenyaya iyi, uye mukuyedza kwedu, Elite yakatanga kunonoka isati yasvika pakukwana kwayo kwemagaroni 120. Kana uine dambudziko nemarara mumvura yako yepombi (kazhinji chiratidzo chemapaipi ane ngura), ungangove uri kusangana nechinhu chimwe chete.
Uye ungasade dziviriro dzese dzeElite. Kana uine chokwadi chekuti mvura yako yemupombi yakanaka (unogona kuona nekushandisa muongorori wemba), tinokurudzira kuti uvandudze kushandisa kettle uye water dispenser filter yeBrita. Ine zvitupa zvishanu zveANSI/NSF (PDF), zvinosanganisira chlorine (asi kwete lead, organics, kana emergency contaminants), izvo zvishoma pane Elite. Asi ifirita isingadhuri, isingavhari mvura yakawanda inogona kuvandudza kuravira kwemvura yako.
Zviri nyore kukanganisa paunenge uchiisa sefa yeBrita. Pakutanga, sefa yacho yairatidzika kunge yapinda zvakanaka. Asi zvinoda kusundidzirwa zvakanyanya kuti ipinde mukati. Kana usingasundidzi pasi, mvura isina kusefa inogona kubuda mumativi esefa paunozadza reservoir yepamusoro, zvichireva kuti mvura yako "yakasefa" haizobudi. Mamwe emasefa atakatenga pabvunzo ya2023 aifanirawo kuiswa kuitira kuti nzvimbo refu iri parutivi rumwe rwesefa itsvedze pamusoro pegomba rinoenderana mune mamwe mapitcher eBrita. (Mamwe mabhodhoro, kusanganisira bhodhoro redu remvura rakanakisa remakapu gumi ezuva nezuva, haana miganhu, zvichikubvumidza kuti uise sefa nenzira ipi zvayo.)