Osmosis chiitiko apo mvura yakachena inoyerera ichibva kune yakanyungudutswa mhinduro kuburikidza ne semi permeable membrane kuenda kune yakakwira concentrated solution. Semi permeable zvinoreva kuti membrane inobvumira mamorekuru madiki nemaion kuti apfuure nemo asi anoita semhinganidzo kumamorekuru makuru kana zvinhu zvakanyungudika. Reverse Osmosis ndiyo maitiro eOsmosis kumashure. Mushonga usina kunyanya kusungirirwa uchava nemaitiro echisikigo ekutamira kune imwe sarudzo nepamusoro-soro.

Reverse Osmosis System Inoshanda Sei?

Reverse osmosis inzira inobvisa zvinosvibisa zvekune dzimwe nyika, zvinhu zvakasimba, mamorekuru makuru nemaminerari kubva mumvura nekushandisa kumanikidza kuisundidzira kuburikidza nemamembrane akasarudzika. Iyo yekuchenesa mvura sisitimu inoshandiswa kuvandudza mvura yekunwa, yekubika uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa..

Kana pasina kumanikidzwa kwemvura, mvura yakachena (mvura ine zvishoma zvishoma) inonatswa neosmosis ichaenda kumvura ine uwandu hwepamusoro. Mvura inosundirwa kuburikidza nesemipermeable membrane. Iyi membrane sefa ine ma pores akawanda, madiki se 0.0001 microns, anogona kusefa angangoita 99% yezvinosvibisa zvakaita sebhakitiriya (inenge-1 micron), utsi hwefodya (0.07 micron_, mavhairasi (0.02-0.04 micron), nezvimwewo. Uye chete. mamorekuru emvura akachena anopfuura nawo.

Reverse osmosis kucheneswa kwemvura kunogona kusefa zvicherwa zvese zvinobatsira izvo miviri yedu inoda, asi inyanzvi uye yakasimbiswa tekinoroji kuburitsa mvura yakachena uye yakachena, yakakodzera kunwa. Iyo RO system inofanirwa kupa makore mazhinji emvura yakachena yakakwira, saka unogona kuinwa pasina kunetseka.

Sei membrane sefa inoshanda pakuchenesa mvura?

Kazhinji, iwo anonatsa mvura akagadzirwa kusvika parizvino akaiswa zvakanyanya kuita membrane-isina sefa yekusefa nzira uye reverse osmosis nzira yekuchenesa mvura uchishandisa membrane.

Membrane-isina kusefa sefa inonyanya kuitwa nekabhoni sefa, iyo inosefa chete kunaka kwakashata, kunhuwa, chlorine, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaumbwa mumvura yepombi. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu, senge inorganic substances, heavy metals, organic chemicals and carcinogens, hazvigoni kubviswa nekupfuudzwa. Kune rimwe divi, Reverse osmosis nzira yekuchenesa mvura uchishandisa membrane ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa nzira yekuchenesa mvura pasi rose uchishandisa mvura semi-permeable membrane yakagadzirwa nekucheka-kumucheto polymer engineering tekinoroji. Iyo inzira yekuchenesa mvura inopfuura nekuparadzanisa nekubvisa akasiyana siyana inorganic minerals, heavy metals, mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, mabhakitiriya, uye radioactive zvinhu zviri mumvura yepombi kugadzira mvura yakachena.

Mhedzisiro ndeyokuti solute inochengetwa padivi rakamanikidzwa re membrane uye yakachena solvent inobvumirwa kupfuudza kune rumwe rutivi. Kuti ive "yakasarudzwa", iyi membrane haifaniri kubvumira mamorekuru makuru kana ions kuburikidza nemapores (makomba), asi inofanira kubvumira zvikamu zviduku zvemushonga (zvakadai se solvent molecules, kureva mvura, H2O) kupfuura zvakasununguka.

Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika muno muCalifornia, uko kuoma kwakaoma mumvura yemupombi. Saka wadii kunakidzwa nemvura yakachena uye yakachengeteka ine reverse osmosis system?

R/O Membrane Sefa

Mukutanga kwema1950, Dr. Sidney Loeb kuUCLA vakaita reverse osmosis (RO) inoshanda nekugadzira, pamwe neSrinivasa Sourirajan, semi-permeable anisotropic membranes. Artificial osmosis membranes akanyatso gadzirwa semi-permeable membranes ane pores e0.0001 microns, miriyoni imwe mukukora kwebvudzi. Iyi membrane ndeye yakakosha sefa yakagadzirwa nepolymer engineering tekinoroji iyo isina makemikari anosvibisa pamwe nemabhakitiriya nemavhairasi anogona kupfuura.

Kana dzvinyiriro ikaiswa kumvura ine tsvina kuti ipfuure nepakati peiyi membrane yakakosha, makemikari ane huremu hwemamorekuru, senge limewater yakanyungudutswa mumvura, uye makemikari anorema mamorekuru akadai seraimu, anonyungudutswa mumvura, anopfuudzwa nemukati memembrane inopindika iine yakachena chete. mvura yehuremu hudiki hwemamorekuru uye okisijeni yakanyungudika uye marara emaminerari. Iwo akagadzirwa kuti abudiswe kunze kwe membrane nekumanikidza kwemvura nyowani isingapfuure nepakati semipermeable membrane uye inoramba ichisundira mukati.

Mhedzisiro ndeyokuti solute inochengetwa padivi rakamanikidzwa re membrane uye yakachena solvent inobvumirwa kupfuudza kune rumwe rutivi. Kuti ive "yakasarudzwa", iyi membrane haifaniri kubvumira mamorekuru makuru kana ions kuburikidza nemapores (makomba), asi inofanira kubvumira zvikamu zviduku zvemushonga (zvakadai se solvent molecules, kureva mvura, H2O) kupfuura zvakasununguka.

Membranes, idzo dzakatangwa nokuda kwezvinangwa zvokurapa, dzakagadzirirwa kurwa hondo kana kupa masoja mvura yekunwa yakachena, isina kusvibiswa, uyezve kuchenesa weti yemuchadenga inounganidzwa panoitika zviitiko zvisingafanoonekwi panguva yekuongorora muchadenga. Iri kushandiswa seaerospace yemvura yekunwa, uye nguva pfupi yadarika, makambani makuru ezvinwiwa ari kushandisa yakakura-inokwana maindasitiri ekuchenesa mvura yekugadzira mabhodhoro, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudzimba dzekuchenesa mvura.